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Calculating Average Resistance Weight for Bodyweight Exercises

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Let’s Find Out Exactly What We Are Lifting

Bodyweight exercises are an effective way to build strength, flexibility, and endurance without the need for specialized equipment or a gym membership. Whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned fitness enthusiast, understanding the average resistance weight you’re working with during bodyweight exercises can provide valuable insights into your workout routine.

This article will explore how to calculate the approximate resistance weight for various bodyweight exercises based on common heights and weights of men and women in the United States who work out 1-2 times a week. We will focus on exercises such as push-ups, squats, pistol squats, lunges, split squats, TRX rows, TRX curls, box jumps, squat jumps, and diamond push-ups.

 

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Calculating Average Resistance Weight

Calculating Average Resistance Weight: To calculate the average resistance weight for bodyweight exercises, we will consider the following factors: common heights and weights, gender, and the exercise being performed. It’s important to note that these calculations provide rough estimates, and individual variations may exist. So first, let’s delve into each exercise:

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Push-Ups: Push-ups primarily engage the chest, shoulders, and triceps. The resistance weight is a percentage of your body weight. On average, men can consider pushing around 60-75% of their body weight, while women can consider around 50-65%.

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Men’s Push Up Chart

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Women’s Push Up Chart

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  1. Squats: Squats target the muscles of the lower body, including the quadriceps, hamstrings, and glutes. For both men and women, squats can be considered as lifting around 70-85% of their body weight.
  2. Pistol Squats: Pistol squats are an advanced variation of squats that challenge single-leg strength. Men and women can lift around 40-50% of their body weight while performing pistol squats.
  3. Lunges and Split Squats: Lunges and split squats engage the same lower body muscles as squats. Men and women can lift around 40-50% of their body weight for both exercises.
  4. TRX Rows: TRX rows target the back, biceps, and core muscles. Men and women can pull around 40-60% of their body weight during TRX rows.
  5. TRX Curls: TRX curls primarily target the biceps. Men and women can consider curling around 25-35% of their body weight during TRX curls.
  6. Box Jumps: Box jumps focus on explosive lower body power. For both men and women, the weight lifted is equivalent to their body weight during the jump.
  7. Squat Jumps: Similar to box jumps, squat jumps also require explosive lower-body power. During squat jumps men and women can lift around 20-30% of their body weight.
  8. Diamond Push-Ups: Diamond push-ups target the triceps and chest. Men can consider pushing around 60-75% of their body weight, while women can consider around 50-65%.

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When All Is Said and Done

Understanding the average resistance weight for bodyweight exercises can be valuable in designing an effective workout routine. By considering the common heights and weights of men and women who work out 1-2 times a week, we can estimate the approximate weight being lifted or pushed during exercises such as push-ups, squats, pistol squats, lunges, split squats, TRX rows, TRX curls, box jumps, squat jumps, and diamond push-ups, and others.

However, it’s important to remember that these calculations provide rough estimates, and individual variations should be considered. As always, consulting with a fitness professional is recommended when starting a new exercise routine.

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Shoulders And Back For Runners

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Strength Training for Distance Runners: Why Shoulders and Back Matter

Distance running is an endurance sport that requires physical and mental strength. Therefore, to perform your best, it’s essential to have a well-rounded training program that includes a variety of exercises, including strength training. In particular, targeting your shoulders and back with resistance exercises can significantly impact your running performance.

1. Improved Posture and Alignment

One of the most important benefits of strength training for your shoulders and back is improved posture and alignment. Good posture helps to reduce the risk of injury and improve running efficiency by allowing you to run taller and with better form. In addition, targeting your shoulders and back with appropriate resistance exercises can help strengthen the muscles that support good posture, such as your upper back and rotator cuff muscles, which improves the flow and volume of oxygen to your lungs and reduces compression in the chest, neck, and upper back, which can restrict blood flow to the heart. 

2. Reduced Risk of Injury

In addition to improving posture, strength exercises for your shoulders and back can also help to reduce the risk of injury. Distance running puts stress on your shoulders, back, and neck. By strengthening these areas, you can reduce your risk of neck strains, shoulder impingements, back strains, and upper back pain and improve your overall running performance.

3. Increased Endurance

Strength training for your shoulders and back can also help to improve your overall endurance by building muscle strength and endurance. This increased muscle endurance can help you maintain proper form and posture during longer runs, reducing the risk of injury and improving your lung capacity, decreasing the workload to the heart, and increasing overall running performance.

4. Improved Stability

Training your shoulders and back can also help to improve stability. This is especially important for distance runners, who need to maintain stability and balance over long distances and uneven terrain. Targeting your shoulders and back with functional exercises and traditional movements can help to improve stability and reduce the risk of injury.

There are a variety of exercises that can help to improve your running performance by targeting your shoulders and back. Some of the best exercises to include in your routine are:

  1. Super Band Standing Rows (close grip/wide grip)
  2. Pull-Ups
  3. Push Press Exercises (seated rows, push-ups)
  4. Dumbbell Shoulder Fly’s
  5. External Rotation

In conclusion, strength training is a crucial component of a well-rounded training program for distance runners. By targeting your shoulders and back with strength training exercises, you can improve posture and alignment, reduce the risk of injury, increase endurance, and improve stability. So, be sure to include these exercises in your training routine to help you perform at your best on race day.

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What is Functional Exercise?

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Functional Exercise Defined:

Functional exercise is a type of physical activity that replicates real-life movements and actions. It emphasizes exercises that use multiple muscle groups in a coordinated manner, simulating movements performed in daily life.

Why Should You Include It In Your Weekly Routine?

When done regularly, it improves your ability to conduct everyday tasks and athletic activities with ease, efficiency, and reduced risk of injury. This is achieved through multi-joint exercises involving multiple muscle groups working together. This type of workout improves balance, speed, mobility, and coordination.

Typically, functional training uses body weight or simple equipment, such as resistance bands or sandbags, to simulate real-life movements. Every workout should include a full range of athletic moves such as lifting, pushing, pulling, and carrying. Some examples of functional exercises include squats, lunges, step-ups, push-ups, and pull-ups.

Who Does It Benefit The Most?

Functional exercise benefits individuals of all ages and fitness levels. It helps improve overall physical fitness, reduces the risk of injury, and increases athleticism, independence, and quality of life. Additionally, functional exercise is particularly beneficial for older adults, as it can help improve balance and reduce the risk of falls.

In conclusion, functional exercise focuses on replicating athletic or everday movements to improve your ability to perform at a high level with ease, efficiency, and reduced risk of injury.

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POWIR4ADT Workout

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THE POWIR4ADT CORE WORKOUT.

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Welcome to the core exercises of the POWIR4ADT workout. Instead of putting them all in one video, we have laid them out in a webpage for you to move from exercise to exercise. Please click on the link below to go to the page with the complete POWIR4ADT workout.

Before attempting the exercise, please review each video, when you are comfortable in your understanding of the exercise, then attempt it yourself.

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The Workout

The POWIR4ADT core workout is a series of exercises adapted to men with prostate cancer. The original study was conducted on healthy, premenopausal women in order to research site specific response to resistance training on bone mineral density. Because there ise an age difference and health issues that would affect the two populations differently, we have adjusted the exercises appropriately to older men undergoing treatment for prostate cancer.

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BEFORE YOU START

We have exercise pre-screening tools availble on this site for you to review before starting any exercise program. Please utilize these tools and consult with a physician if necessary before begining any new fitness program.

You don’t necessarily need any equipment, you can do it all with just body weight to start. Once you are confident with your form and don’t feel any pain with full range of motion, then it is advised to add more resistance. 

We recommend resistance bands. They are inexpensive, easy to transport and take with you wherever you go and are great for joint stability. But, as with all of our exercises, we want to remove roadblocks from your physical activty so feel free to use whatever form of resistance you have readily available to you. 

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Shoulder Stability Workout

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SHOULDER STABILITY WORKOUT.

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Welcome to a collaboration video with Get Virtual Fit. This video incorporates two shoulder stabilization workouts. The first half is a beginner workout and the second half is intermediate. You can combine both halves into one workout to create an advanced workout.

Before attempting the exercise, please skim or watch this entire video, when you are comfortable in your understanding of the exercise, then attempt it yourself.

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The First Exercise Block

Block one is a standing shoulder series that can be done anywhere without any equipment at all. This series is taken directly out of the U.S. Army Physical Training handbook. 

This is a great series to improve shoulder strength and get you started on planks and push-ups as well as other shoulder and chest exercises that are a part of the POWIR4ADT core exercise group.

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MORE EXERCISE BASICS

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SQUATTING 101

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If you are new to exercise and aren’t ready to start with a full bent knee deadlift, here is a video on how to get started squatting and progress to a full squat. Once you can do a full range of motion bodyweight squat, you are ready to progress to a bodyweight only version of the bent leg deadlift.

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If you have questions about squats or exercise in general, please join our forum. You can ask questions, browse previous answers or join a fitgroup for support in your fitness efforts.

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Virtual Training Squat

Prevention of Osteoporosis with Impact + Resistance (POWIR)

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Developed by Dr. Kerri M Winters-Stone, at the Bone Research Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Exercise Science, Oregon State University.

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Study Interpretation by Justin Fassio.

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Translating research into practice

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This article is a translation of a study that concluded that specific exercises can have a beneficial effect on the density of bones in sites that pose a risk of fracture for women with osteoporosis. The language of the study is highly technical and scientific in nature. With the help of advisors that have conducted these or similar studies, we are translating the beneficial aspects of the study into a practical program for men diagnosed with prostate cancer.

At times, we recommend the specific exercises done exactly as the study prescribes because they have the highest quality of  data driving them, but as we know, science is always looking at what could be, so we sometimes “a posteriori” or based on our own experience, recommend that a replacement or modified exercise should have a better result for the average man with prostate cancer conducting the workout without supervision.

In the end, we are simply looking at the science, talking to the researchers and doing our due dilligence to give you the best workout with the information at hand. And for all intents and purposes, any exercise will prove to be beneficial in your treatment plan with very little risk of injury or side effect.

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Nearly all patients with cancer are at increased risk for bone loss and fractures” (1)

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Dr. Kerri Winters-Stone developed the POWIR set of exercises while researching how to prevent injury to the hip and spine caused by osteoporosis. Her research in this area concluded that resistance and impact exercises “showed significant differences” (2) between the exercise groups and controls on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at the lower trochanter (the ball joint at the top of your femur) and “approaching significant difference” in the spine. Hip and spine fractures are the most common related to osteoporosis.

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The conclusions from Dr. Winters-Stone’s initial research utilizing POWIR are important because most cancer treatments affect BMD (1). The loss of BMD is often the cause of disability during and after treatment.

Disability in the context of treatment for prostate cancer refers to an additional injury such as a fractured hip or vertabrae that is linked to the loss of BMD related to cancer in general and specifically ADT for prostate cancer. 

 

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MATERIALS & METHODS

JUMP SQUATS, SQUATS, BENT KNEE DEADLIFT, FORWARD LUNGE, LATERAL LUNGE, SINGLE ARM ROW, SEATED ROW, CHEST PRESS, LATERAL RAISE, PUSHUPS.

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What this paper concludes and which has been further studied on men with prostate cancer is that performing exercises at a similar intensity and of similar type as conducted in this study can have a beneficial effect on strength and Bone Mineral Density thereby possibley reducing your risk of injury associated with prostate cancer. 

Exercise participants were asked to attend three exercise sessions per week with at least 1 day of rest between sessions. Compliance was 71%, which means the results are based on about two resistance + impact exercise sessions a week. All participants performed a warm-up and cool-down. 

In the study exercises consisted of upright rows, one-arm rows, lat pull-downs, chest presses, chest flys, bicep curls and tricep extensions. To minimize the time cost of training, upper and lower body exercises were often combined into one movement. Some combined exercises were bicep curls or upright rows with squat, tricep extensions or one-arm rows with side lunge, lat pull-downs or chest press/flys with front lunges. Every major muscle group was trained every week but some of the resistance exercises changed.

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“Our data support the site-specific response of spine and hip bone density to upper and lower body exercise training, respectively.” (2)

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The findings of Dr. Winters-Stone and her team’s research established a baseline exercise protocol that is known to be effective against bone density loss in premenopausal women. Because the findings that included uper and lower body exercises increased the BMD of both the hip and spine, this makes the site-specific response a significant finding for men undergoing ADT.

A number of follow up studies specific to ADT have utilized the POWIR protocol and have proven that it is effective at preventing and even reversing bone density loss for men undergoing ADT as well.

There are 9 lower and upper body exercises included in our version of the POWIR4ADT protocol. Because these 9 exercises have data that support their effectiveness in preventing disability in Prostate Cancer Survivors (PCS) undergoing ADT, we utilize them as the performance watermark to achieve in our prescribed program.

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Dr. Winters-Stone’s research shows that lower and upper body exercises proved more effective than lower body exercises alone in increasing BMD in the spine.

We are also following the American College of Sports Medicine FITT Principal in exercise recommendation: Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type. Not everyone can engage immediately in the recommended routine. Progressing to the desired range of motion, form, intensity and duration of exercise often is part of a progression from a very light physical activity moving towards a more intense, routine workout.

Please remember to not get overwhelmed by all of the information. It is good that so much research exists, but we don’t want all this information to cloud what we need to do, which is simply: move. We find it can be overwhelming as well but we do enjoy reading through it and doing our best to simplify it and turn it into a program that benefits you.

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global_colors_info=”{}”][/et_pb_divider][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Post Body” _builder_version=”4.3.4″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.10.7″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.10.7″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.11.4″ header_font=”Oswald|600|||||||” header_3_font=”Bellefair||||||||” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”38px” header_3_line_height=”1.2em” header_6_font=”Montserrat|700||on|||||” header_6_text_color=”#ff4e00″ header_6_font_size=”12px” header_6_letter_spacing=”2px” header_6_line_height=”1.2em” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”700px” module_alignment=”center” header_3_font_size_tablet=”34px” header_3_font_size_phone=”28px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_6_font_size_tablet=”42px” header_6_font_size_phone=”34px” header_6_font_size_last_edited=”off|phone” 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THE COMPONENTS OF EXERCISING

F.I.T.T

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There are two primary components to being healthy through movement; physical activity and exercise. Physical activity is anything you do that is not at rest, exercise is a structured period of time that you dedicate to a workout. Parking at the back of a large parking lot to increase your walk intentionally is physical activity, going on a 2 mile hike is exercise. If exercise seems like a lot to get started with, you can begin any type of routine by increasing your physical activity. Once you feel comfortable with advancing to exercise, you will need to know more about the principals below.

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The number of times you workout each week.

[/et_pb_blurb][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.3.4″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_blurb title=”INTENSITY” use_icon=”on” font_icon=”%%61%%” icon_color=”#ff4e00″ icon_placement=”left” content_max_width=”100%” use_icon_font_size=”on” icon_font_size=”20px” _builder_version=”4.10.7″ header_font=”Montserrat|700||on|||||” header_text_color=”#ff4e00″ header_font_size=”12px” header_letter_spacing=”2px” header_line_height=”1.8em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”16px” body_line_height=”2em” body_font_size_tablet=”15px” body_font_size_phone=”14px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]

Your perception of the level of effort the workout requires.

[/et_pb_blurb][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.3.4″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_blurb title=”Time” use_icon=”on” font_icon=”%%61%%” icon_color=”#ff4e00″ icon_placement=”left” content_max_width=”100%” use_icon_font_size=”on” icon_font_size=”20px” _builder_version=”4.10.7″ header_font=”Montserrat|700||on|||||” header_text_color=”#ff4e00″ header_font_size=”12px” header_letter_spacing=”2px” header_line_height=”1.8em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”16px” body_line_height=”2em” body_font_size_tablet=”15px” body_font_size_phone=”14px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]

The overall time you spend each week doing physical acitivity or exercise.

[/et_pb_blurb][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.3.4″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_blurb title=”Type” use_icon=”on” font_icon=”%%61%%” icon_color=”#ff4e00″ icon_placement=”left” content_max_width=”100%” use_icon_font_size=”on” icon_font_size=”20px” _builder_version=”4.10.7″ header_font=”Montserrat|700||on|||||” header_text_color=”#ff4e00″ header_font_size=”12px” header_letter_spacing=”2px” header_line_height=”1.8em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”16px” body_line_height=”2em” body_font_size_tablet=”15px” body_font_size_phone=”14px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]

The physical activity or exercise that you do.

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What is impact training?

Impact training, also known as plyometrics, is defined by ACSM as “exercises that link strength with speed of movement to produce power.”(3) A simple example of an impact exercise is the squat jump, which is a basic squat that generates enough power in the concentric (upward) phase to drive your feet off the ground.

Impact exercises are considered by the average person to be part of a high intensity routine and are very important to bone health.

There are many techniques and modifications we utilize to get you safely to completing the impact exercise in the POWIR protocol, so don’t worry about it if you can’t do it day one.

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The first exercise in POWIR is the Jump Squat, the principal impact exercise in the program. You may not perform this for sometime after beginning your exercise presciption.

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Resistance exercise

What is resistance training?

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Muscular fitness is optimized through the implementation of resistance training, which can encompass free weights, machines, body weight, bands/tubing, or any other object that requires one to exert force against a resistance. (4)

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Resistance training starts with bodyweight exercises and should progress to incorporate an external object that increases resistance. We recommend bands in most instances but just about anything around that house that you feel comfortable holding will work.

Lower Body

  • Squats: 1 set of 10
  • Bent Knee Deadlift: 1 set of 10
  • Forward Lunge: 1 set of 10 each side
  • Lateral Luge: 1 set of 10 each side

Upper Body

  • Single Arm Row: 1 to 2 sets of 10 each side
  • Chest Press: 1 to 2 sets of 10
  • Single Arm Lateral Raise: 1 to 2 sets of 10 each side.
  • Push Up: 1-2 sets of 10
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PLANNED PROGRESSION

INCREASING INTENSITY?

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PROGRESSIONS

A progession in training intensity is required to get the best results. For this study the progression was resistance based, this means that you start with no or little weight and increase the resistance ‘load’ over time. We recommend starting with bodyweight and very light bands until you are confident in your form and range of motion, then adding resistance in the form of thicker bands or whatever you have immediatly available to you. In the study participants went from body weight to 13% of body weight using weighted vests for lower body exercises. Using elastic bands for upper body exercises, participants advanced through three thicknesses of bands that increased in tension incrementally from band-to-band by 50-60%.  The number of sets and reps remained constant throught the 12 month course of the study. Once participants began doing more than 12 reps of an exercise they increased the resistance to the point that they could not exceed 8 repetitions

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Here is a sample planned progression from a study on ADT using the POWIR protocol.

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This progression leaves the squat jump out the first month, allowing you to build your legs up to it with the lower body exercises. Percentage of bodyweight isn’t as important as how you feel in the last 3 reps. In your first 4-6 weeks you should be able to perform the reps without too much difficulty. When you start adding or increasing resistance, you should begin to feel like you can’t complete much more than the designated number of reps. Towards the end of the 12 month progression you should be hitting ‘negatives’ by rep 9 and 10, which means that you’ve added enough resistance that you could not complete more than 9 or 10 reps without quitting.

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THE STUDY

WHAT THE PARTICIPANTS DID

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The Training Program Verbatim

The lower body training program consisted of 9 sets of 10–12 jumps and 9 sets of 10–12 repetitions of lower body resistance exercises. Repetitions were performed in succession with approximately 15–30 s of rest between jumps and 2–3 min of rest between sets of resistance exercise. Jumping routines varied in type and height, but totaled 100 for each session. Jumps were performed in the following ways: (1) off the ground, (2) off 8-in. wooden boxes, (3) in the forward and side directions, and (4) in single- or double-leg stances. Participants performed the jumps on 2-in. gymnastics mats and were instructed to jump with shoes off and to land on both feet with approximately 30° of knee flexion.

Lower body exercises (squats, lunges, and calf raises) were performed immediately following jumps. Each session consisted of 3 sets of 10–12 squats, 6 sets of 10–12 lunges (2 sets in two directions), and 2 sets of calf raises. Intensity for both jump and resistance exercise was increased using weighted vests and calculated as a percentage of body weight (%BW), such that each participant exercised at the same relative intensity. Jump and resistance intensity were progressively increased over the program to a final intensity of 10%BW for jumps and 13%BW for resistance exercises. 

Upper body exercise followed jumps, participants performed 3 sets of 8–12 repetitions of upper body exercises, with approximately 1–2 min of rest between sets. Exercises consisted of the following: upright row, one-arm row, latissimus dorsi pull-down, chest press, chest fly, biceps curl and triceps extension. In order to be time efficient and to have both groups complete resistance exercises at the same time, upper and lower body exercises were often combined into one movement. Examples of combined exercise include the following: biceps curl or upright row with squat, tricep extension or one-arm row with side lunge, lat pull-down or chest press/fly with front lunge. One type of exercise for each major muscle group was performed at each session, though over the week specific exercises were varied. Resistance to the exercises was delivered via elastic bands (TheraBand, Inc.) selected to achieve an intensity of ∼8–12 Repetition Maximum (RM), within the recommended range of repetitions for improving muscle fitness in novice resistance exercisers [18]. When participants could perform more than 12 repetitions with a given band, the band resistance was increased so that women could only perform ∼8 repetitions. This volume of elastic band training has been reported to produce significant increases in strength in premenopausal women [19].

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CONCLUSION

POWIR4ADT

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POWIR is the most estabilshed protocol for impact and resistance exercise pertaining to decreasing disability related to ADT and improving quality of life for PCS. There is room to add more exercises, especially as part of a periodized training schedule that other studies have also found to be effective. But for all intents and purposes, the goal of all PCS undergoing ADT should be to be able to perform all of the POWIR4ADT exercises listed in our program with proper form and at the prescribed intensity unless a physical or medical condition exists that would prevent the safe execution of any or all of the exercises.

We have simplified some of the exercise simply because men undergoing ADT are generally going to be of a more advanced age and limited mobility than the participants in this particular study. However, with the right training and progress, everyone should be able to conduct the exercises exactly as they were performed in the study as well as other, more advanced movements that could improve overall health even more.

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CITATIONS

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1. Drake, Matthew T. “Osteoporosis and cancer.” Current osteoporosis reports vol. 11,3 (2013): 163-70. doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0154-3

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2. Winters-Stone KM, Snow CM. Site-specific response of bone to exercise in premenopausal women. Bone. 2006 Dec;39(6):1203-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2006.06.005. Epub 2006 Jul 28. PMID: 16876495.

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3. Faigenbaum, A. and Chu, D. Plyometric Training for Children and Adolescents. Indianapolis, IN: American College of Sports Medicine; 2017

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4. Ratamess NA. ACSM’s Foundations of Strength Training and Conditioning. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012. 560 p.

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